Trouble Ahead For Alt-A Mortgages?
Analysts say the subprime mortgage crisis is now spreading to another segment of the credit market: Alt-A residential mortgages.Â
Alt-A mortgages are the middle ground of loans between subprime mortgages and prime mortgages. Because Alt-A mortgages don’t require the standard income verification process, some Alt-A borrowers may exaggerate their income to buy a home they can’t afford. For that reason, Alt-A mortgages are often coined as “liar loans.”Â
Many Alt-A mortgages were issued to subprime borrowers, but individuals with better credit also have taken advantage of them. In recent months, valuations for securities backing Alt-A mortgages have fallen sharply, causing certain investment funds to unwind or meet margin calls.
Case in point: London-based Peloton Partners LLP. The fund owns both subprime and “safer†Alt-A mortgage debt, and is in the process of liquidating a $1.8 billion hedge fund. UBS and Merrill Lynch also may be looking trouble in the future, since both hold Alt-A mortgages.
Problems for Alt-A securities might be traced back to Feb. 14, 2008. UBS revealed for the first time its full exposure to Alt-A holdings. Speculation then took hold that the firm would be selling a large amount. A Feb. 22 JP Morgan Chase report said that securities rated AAA and backed by 30-year fixed rate Alt-A loans in excess of $417,000 fell to 12 cents less per dollar of principal than similar securities guaranteed by Fannie Mae or other government-related entities.  That’s more than twice the loss of 5.5 cents for the securities a few weeks prior.Â
The decline of Alt-A mortgage-backed securities is particularly troublesome because approximately $950 billion of Alt-A mortgage securities are outstanding. This compares to about $650 billion of outstanding subprime securities. Merrill Lynch owns $2.7 billion of Alt-A debt, primarily securities. UBS, which owned more than $21 billion of top-rated Alt-A securities on Dec. 31, 2007, marked them down by $800 million.
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